feat(挑战): 做对之后可以加一条写法上的限制再做一遍，判题时记下谁做到了

借小丑牌的赌注档：同一道题加一条限制（「整首歌只用 1 次 print」）再做一遍，
给课上做得快的学生找事做（做完一节课的题，中位要空等 13 分钟）。
判定沿用 AST 规则，挑战配在 problem.challenges，做到的记在 challenge_success；
做对的提交顺手判一遍，挑战没做到也照样算做对。没过的规则带上是第几行。
0039 灌进第一批 56 道常用题的 73 条挑战，api 起来后拿历史上做对的代码补一遍谁已经做到了。
出题页能配挑战、从做对的代码里找候选；课堂看板的格子带上挑战状态。

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

apps/api/src/judge/run.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,12 @@ import { config } from "../config"
 import { db, schema } from "../db"
 import { publishAchievementNotification } from "../events"
 import { updateAchievementsForSubmission } from "../services/achievements"
+import {
+  challengesFor,
+  judgeChallenges,
+  recordChallengeSuccesses,
+  type ChallengeVerdict,
+} from "../services/challenge"
 import { recordSolvedAndNotify } from "../services/problemset"
 import { checkAst, type AstRule } from "./ast"
 import { publishSubmissionUpdate } from "./events"
@@ -696,6 +702,19 @@ export async function judgeSubmission(job: JudgeJobData) {
           }
         }
       }
+
+      // 挑战：做对了就拿这道题的每条挑战各判一遍（比赛不判，同上）。结果全存下来，
+      // 前端在挑战中时按 id 取它正在挑战的那条；做到的下面落库
+      if (result === JudgeStatus.ACCEPTED && row.submission.contestId === null) {
+        const challenges = challengesFor(row.problem.challenges, row.submission.language)
+        if (challenges.length > 0) {
+          statisticInfo.challenges = await judgeChallenges(
+            row.submission.code,
+            row.submission.language,
+            challenges,
+          )
+        }
+      }
     }
 
     const counted = countedBefore(job.rejudgedFrom)
@@ -722,6 +741,22 @@ export async function judgeSubmission(job: JudgeJobData) {
       await recordSolvedAndNotify(row.submission.userId, row.problem.id, row.submission.createTime)
     }
 
+    if (Array.isArray(statisticInfo.challenges)) {
+      await recordChallengeSuccesses(
+        (statisticInfo.challenges as ChallengeVerdict[])
+          .filter((verdict) => verdict.passed)
+          .map((verdict) => ({
+            userId: row.submission.userId,
+            problemId: row.problem.id,
+            challengeId: verdict.id,
+            submissionId: row.submission.id,
+            createdAt: row.submission.createTime,
+          })),
+      ).catch((error: unknown) =>
+        console.error(`[judge] 挑战记录失败 ${row.submission.id}:`, error),
+      )
+    }
+
     try {
       const unlocked = await updateAchievementsForSubmission(row.submission.id, counted)
       await publishAchievementNotification(