diff --git a/apps/api/src/auth/middleware.ts b/apps/api/src/auth/middleware.ts
index 8f3d16e..83cbd38 100644
--- a/apps/api/src/auth/middleware.ts
+++ b/apps/api/src/auth/middleware.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-import type { MiddlewareHandler } from "hono"
+import type { Context, MiddlewareHandler } from "hono"
 
 import { failure } from "../http"
-import { getSessionUser, type AuthUser } from "./session"
+import { getSessionUser, resolveSession, type AuthUser } from "./session"
 
 export interface AppEnv {
   Variables: {
@@ -14,12 +14,26 @@ export const optionalAuth: MiddlewareHandler<AppEnv> = async (c, next) => {
   await next()
 }
 
+/**
+ * 拿不到用户时该报哪个错。
+ *
+ * 「账号被禁用」必须和「没登录」分开报：前端拦截器见到 `login-required` 会弹登录框，
+ * 于是一个上课上到一半被禁用的学生会陷入「弹登录框 → 登进去 → 又被弹」的死循环，
+ * 而且完全看不出发生了什么。旧后端报的是「账号已禁用」，这里对齐。
+ *
+ * 用 403 而不是 401：凭证是有效的，是这个账号不让用了，和 login 接口对禁用账号
+ * 的回法（403 `account-disabled`）也一致。
+ */
+function denied(c: Context, reason: "anonymous" | "disabled") {
+  return reason === "disabled"
+    ? failure(c, 403, "account-disabled", "账号已被禁用，请联系老师")
+    : failure(c, 401, "login-required", "请先登录")
+}
+
 export const requireAuth: MiddlewareHandler<AppEnv> = async (c, next) => {
-  const user = await getSessionUser(c)
-  if (!user) {
-    return failure(c, 401, "login-required", "Authentication required")
-  }
-  c.set("user", user)
+  const session = await resolveSession(c)
+  if (!session.user) return denied(c, session.reason)
+  c.set("user", session.user)
   await next()
 }
 
@@ -28,19 +42,16 @@ export const requireAuth: MiddlewareHandler<AppEnv> = async (c, next) => {
  *
  * 未登录一律 401 `login-required`、登录但角色不够一律 403 `permission-denied`，
  * 与旧 `BasePermissionDecorator._permission_error` 的两分支一致 —— 前端 `utils/api2.ts`
- * 的拦截器就是按这两个 code 分别弹登录框和弹提示的。
- *
- * 「账号已禁用」这一支不需要单独处理：`getSessionUser` 对禁用用户直接返回 null，
- * 于是落到 401，比旧后端先认证再报 403 更早拦一步。
+ * 的拦截器就是按这两个 code 分别弹登录框和弹提示的。禁用账号走第三个码，见 denied()。
  */
 function requireRole(
   allowed: (user: AuthUser) => boolean,
 ): MiddlewareHandler<AppEnv> {
   return async (c, next) => {
-    const user = await getSessionUser(c)
-    if (!user) return failure(c, 401, "login-required", "请先登录")
-    if (!allowed(user)) return failure(c, 403, "permission-denied", "权限不足")
-    c.set("user", user)
+    const session = await resolveSession(c)
+    if (!session.user) return denied(c, session.reason)
+    if (!allowed(session.user)) return failure(c, 403, "permission-denied", "权限不足")
+    c.set("user", session.user)
     await next()
   }
 }
diff --git a/apps/api/src/auth/session.ts b/apps/api/src/auth/session.ts
index 78f719c..3d047dc 100644
--- a/apps/api/src/auth/session.ts
+++ b/apps/api/src/auth/session.ts
@@ -74,18 +74,26 @@ function readCookie(request: Request, name: string) {
   return undefined
 }
 
-async function getUserByToken(token: string | undefined): Promise<AuthUser | null> {
-  if (!token) return null
+/**
+ * 会话解析结果。之所以不只返回 `AuthUser | null`：拿不到用户有两种原因，
+ * 而它们对应完全不同的前端行为 —— 未登录该弹登录框，已禁用该说「账号已禁用」。
+ */
+export type SessionResult =
+  | { user: AuthUser; reason?: undefined }
+  | { user: null; reason: "anonymous" | "disabled" }
+
+async function getUserByToken(token: string | undefined): Promise<SessionResult> {
+  if (!token) return { user: null, reason: "anonymous" }
 
   const raw = await redis.get(sessionKey(token))
-  if (!raw) return null
+  if (!raw) return { user: null, reason: "anonymous" }
 
   let session: StoredSession
   try {
     session = JSON.parse(raw) as StoredSession
   } catch {
     await redis.del(sessionKey(token))
-    return null
+    return { user: null, reason: "anonymous" }
   }
 
   const [user] = await db
@@ -102,21 +110,35 @@ async function getUserByToken(token: string | undefined): Promise<AuthUser | nul
     .where(eq(schema.user.id, session.userId))
     .limit(1)
 
-  if (!user || user.isDisabled) {
+  if (!user) {
     await redis.del(sessionKey(token))
-    return null
+    return { user: null, reason: "anonymous" }
+  }
+
+  if (user.isDisabled) {
+    // 会话照删（禁用要立即生效），但要把「是被禁用」这件事告诉调用方。
+    // 都返回 null 的话，中途被禁用的学生看到的是 401 login-required，
+    // 前端据此弹登录框，登进去又被弹 —— 死循环，而且看不出发生了什么。
+    await redis.del(sessionKey(token))
+    return { user: null, reason: "disabled" }
   }
 
   await redis.expire(sessionKey(token), config.sessionTtlSeconds)
-  return user
+  return { user }
 }
 
-export function getSessionUser(c: Context) {
+/** 要区分「未登录」和「已被禁用」的用这个 —— 目前只有鉴权中间件需要 */
+export function resolveSession(c: Context) {
   return getUserByToken(getCookie(c, config.sessionCookie))
 }
 
-export function getRequestSessionUser(request: Request) {
-  return getUserByToken(readCookie(request, config.sessionCookie))
+/** 只关心「是谁」的调用方用这个 */
+export async function getSessionUser(c: Context) {
+  return (await resolveSession(c)).user
+}
+
+export async function getRequestSessionUser(request: Request) {
+  return (await getUserByToken(readCookie(request, config.sessionCookie))).user
 }
 
 async function getStoredSession(c: Context) {
diff --git a/apps/api/src/routes/admin/problem.ts b/apps/api/src/routes/admin/problem.ts
index a4b9ea4..61e0cde 100644
--- a/apps/api/src/routes/admin/problem.ts
+++ b/apps/api/src/routes/admin/problem.ts
@@ -478,7 +478,9 @@ adminProblemRoutes.post("/contests/:contestId/problems", requireProblemPermissio
       acceptedNumber: 0,
       statisticInfo: {},
       isPublic: false,
-      sqlDisplay: null,
+      // 上面 generateSqlDisplay 已经把展示数据算好了，之前这里写死 null，
+      // 结果比赛里的 SQL 题打开后看不到示例数据表和期望结果（公开题那两条路径都是对的）
+      sqlDisplay,
     }).returning()
     await setTags(tx as unknown as typeof db, row!.id, parsed.data.tags)
     return row!
@@ -547,11 +549,14 @@ adminProblemRoutes.post("/contests/:contestId/problems/from-public", requireProb
   const [contest] = await db.select().from(schema.contest).where(eq(schema.contest.id, contestId)).limit(1)
   const [problem] = await db.select().from(schema.problem)
     .where(eq(schema.problem.id, parsed.data.problemId)).limit(1)
-  if (!contest || !problem) return failure(c, 404, "not-found", "Contest or Problem does not exist")
   const user = c.get("user")!
-  if (user.adminType !== "Super Admin" && contest.createdById !== user.id) {
-    return failure(c, 404, "contest-not-found", "Contest does not exist")
-  }
+  // 「比赛不存在」和「比赛存在但不是你的」必须回同一个码。分开报的话，带一个已知有效的
+  // problemId 就能靠错误码差异枚举出哪些 contestId 真实存在。全仓其余跨租户路径都是
+  // 统一码（contest 系列一律 contest-not-found），这里对齐。
+  const denyContest =
+    !contest || (user.adminType !== "Super Admin" && contest.createdById !== user.id)
+  if (denyContest) return failure(c, 404, "contest-not-found", "Contest does not exist")
+  if (!problem) return failure(c, 404, "problem-not-found", "Problem does not exist")
   // 源题必须是**公开题**，且要么已可见、要么是自己的。旧后端只按 id 取，不校验任何东西 ——
   // 于是能把别人比赛里的题（或别人尚未公开的草稿）拖进自己比赛，进而读到 answers。
   if (problem.contestId !== null) {
diff --git a/apps/api/src/routes/flowchart.ts b/apps/api/src/routes/flowchart.ts
index 5c3cd78..e32842c 100644
--- a/apps/api/src/routes/flowchart.ts
+++ b/apps/api/src/routes/flowchart.ts
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import {
 import { and, asc, count, desc, eq, ilike, isNull, sql } from "drizzle-orm"
 import { Hono } from "hono"
 
-import { requireAuth, type AppEnv } from "../auth/middleware"
+import { requireAuth, requireTeacher, type AppEnv } from "../auth/middleware"
 import { config } from "../config"
 import { db, schema } from "../db"
 import { failure, success } from "../http"
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ import { flowchartQueue } from "../queue"
 import { buildWordFrequencies } from "../services/word-frequency"
 import {
   isAdminRole,
-  isTeacherOrAbove,
   objectValue,
   queryInteger,
   rounded,
@@ -139,10 +138,7 @@ flowchartRoutes.get("/flowcharts", requireAuth, async (c) => {
 
 const FLOWCHART_COMPLETED = 2
 
-flowchartRoutes.get("/flowcharts/statistics", requireAuth, async (c) => {
-  if (!isTeacherOrAbove(c.get("user"))) {
-    return failure(c, 403, "permission-denied", "Teacher permission required")
-  }
+flowchartRoutes.get("/flowcharts/statistics", requireTeacher, async (c) => {
   const end = c.req.query("end")?.trim()
   if (!end) return failure(c, 400, "invalid-request", "end is required")
   const start = c.req.query("start")?.trim()
diff --git a/apps/api/src/routes/submission.ts b/apps/api/src/routes/submission.ts
index 5242297..0aad5fc 100644
--- a/apps/api/src/routes/submission.ts
+++ b/apps/api/src/routes/submission.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,12 @@ import {
 import { and, count, desc, eq, ilike, inArray, isNull, sql } from "drizzle-orm"
 import { Hono } from "hono"
 
-import { optionalAuth, requireAuth } from "../auth/middleware"
+import {
+  optionalAuth,
+  requireAuth,
+  requireSuperAdmin,
+  requireTeacher,
+} from "../auth/middleware"
 import type { AuthUser } from "../auth/session"
 import { db, schema } from "../db"
 import { failure, success } from "../http"
@@ -34,8 +39,6 @@ import { getBooleanOption } from "../services/options"
 import { consumeToken } from "../services/throttling"
 import {
   isAdminRole,
-  isSuperAdmin,
-  isTeacherOrAbove,
   queryInteger,
   rounded,
   stripClassPrefix,
@@ -218,10 +221,7 @@ async function matchedStudents(username: string) {
     )
 }
 
-submissionRoutes.get("/submissions/statistics", requireAuth, async (c) => {
-  if (!isTeacherOrAbove(c.get("user"))) {
-    return failure(c, 403, "permission-denied", "Teacher permission required")
-  }
+submissionRoutes.get("/submissions/statistics", requireTeacher, async (c) => {
   const range = statisticsRange(c)
   if (!range) return failure(c, 400, "invalid-request", "end is required")
 
@@ -334,10 +334,7 @@ submissionRoutes.get("/submissions/statistics", requireAuth, async (c) => {
   )
 })
 
-submissionRoutes.post("/submissions/:id/rejudge", requireAuth, async (c) => {
-  if (!isSuperAdmin(c.get("user"))) {
-    return failure(c, 403, "permission-denied", "Super admin permission required")
-  }
+submissionRoutes.post("/submissions/:id/rejudge", requireSuperAdmin, async (c) => {
   const [row] = await db
     .select({ id: schema.submission.id, problemId: schema.submission.problemId })
     .from(schema.submission)
diff --git a/apps/web/src/utils/api2.ts b/apps/web/src/utils/api2.ts
index 53e86f4..761b026 100644
--- a/apps/web/src/utils/api2.ts
+++ b/apps/web/src/utils/api2.ts
@@ -63,6 +63,12 @@ instance.interceptors.response.use(
     if (code === "login-required") {
       storage.remove(STORAGE_KEY.AUTHED)
       useAuthModalStore().openLoginModal()
+    } else if (code === "account-disabled") {
+      // 这里**不能**弹登录框：账号已经被禁用，登进去还是会被拒，
+      // 学生会陷入「弹框 → 登录 → 又弹框」的死循环，且看不出发生了什么。
+      // 清掉登录态并明确告知，会话在中途被禁用时也走这一支。
+      storage.remove(STORAGE_KEY.AUTHED)
+      toast.error(legacyMessage || "账号已被禁用，请联系老师")
     } else if (code === "permission-denied") {
       toast.error(legacyMessage || "权限不足")
     }