中职学生看不懂英文报错。原来提交前用浏览器里的 Skulpt 拦语法错误，只弹一句 「第 N 行存在语法错误」——Skulpt 九成报的是 bad input / bad token，没有列号。 - 提交前的语法检查挪到服务端：/code/format 先用 CPython 编译一遍（只编译不执行）， api 镜像加 python3-minimal（3.13，与判题机同版本，+17MB），前端删掉 Skulpt - 报错按规则表翻成中文（pythonError.ts），生产库 2695 条 Python 编译错误覆盖 99.7%； 提交前拦下的和判题回来的编译错误共用同一张卡片 - 编辑器里标红出错行和 ^ 指的位置 - 中文标点（历史编译错误的 22%）一键换成英文，跳过字符串和注释、处理 f 字符串花括号； 594 条里修好 593 条，经 tokenize 核对没有改到字符串内容；走编辑器事务，可 Ctrl+Z Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
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import { PUNCTUATION_MAP } from "./pythonError"
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export interface PunctuationFix {
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from: number
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||||
to: number
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||||
insert: string
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||||
}
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||||
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||||
/**
|
||||
* 找出 Python 代码里**字符串和注释之外**的中文标点，给出换成英文的改动。
|
||||
*
|
||||
* 字符串里的中文标点是合法的，`print("你好，世界")` 里那个逗号动了就改了输出，
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||||
* 所以不能整篇替换。中文引号「“ ”」另算：它们出现在代码里，本身就是没切输入法
|
||||
* 打出来的字符串引号，要换成英文引号，而**它们中间的内容原样保留** —— 否则
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* `print(“你好，世界”)` 会被改成 `print("你好,世界")`，输出跟着变了。
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*
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* f 字符串花括号里的是代码不是文字（`f"{s：.2f}"`、`f"{len（a）}"`），照样要换；
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* `{{` 是转义出来的字面花括号，不算。拿生产库 591 条中文标点的编译错误核过：
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* 修完之后报错点名的那个字符还在的只剩 1 条，是学生自己的引号就是乱的。
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*
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* 不是完整的词法分析：只认引号、三引号、字符串前缀、反斜杠转义和 `#` 注释，
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* 这对学生代码够用。单引号字符串遇到换行就当它结束，免得一个没配对的引号把
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* 后面整篇都当成字符串。
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*/
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export function findChinesePunctuation(code: string): PunctuationFix[] {
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const fixes: PunctuationFix[] = []
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function fix(at: number) {
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const english = PUNCTUATION_MAP[code[at]!]
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if (english) fixes.push({ from: at, to: at + 1, insert: english })
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}
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/** 从 start 往后扫一个字符串的内容，返回结束位置（收尾引号之后） */
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function skipString(start: number, triple: boolean, fstring: boolean, closers: string[]) {
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let depth = 0
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let j = start
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while (j < code.length) {
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const ch = code[j]!
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if (ch === "\\") {
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j += 2
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continue
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}
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if (!triple && ch === "\n") return j
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if (fstring) {
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if (ch === "{" && depth === 0 && code[j + 1] === "{") {
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j += 2
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continue
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}
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if (ch === "{") depth++
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else if (ch === "}" && depth > 0) depth--
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else if (depth > 0) fix(j)
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if (depth > 0 || ch === "{" || ch === "}") {
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j++
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continue
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}
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}
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const closer = closers.find((c) => code.startsWith(c, j))
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if (closer) {
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// 中文收尾引号也要换成英文
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if (closer.length === 1) fix(j)
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return j + closer.length
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}
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j++
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}
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return j
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}
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let i = 0
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while (i < code.length) {
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const ch = code[i]!
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if (ch === "#") {
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const end = code.indexOf("\n", i)
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i = end === -1 ? code.length : end
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continue
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}
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if (ch === '"' || ch === "'") {
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// 前缀是紧挨着引号的 f / r / b / u 组合，前面不能再连着别的标识符字符
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const prefix = code.slice(0, i).match(/(?<![\w])[rRbBfFuU]{1,2}$/)?.[0] ?? ""
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const quote = code.startsWith(ch.repeat(3), i) ? ch.repeat(3) : ch
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i = skipString(i + quote.length, quote.length === 3, /f/i.test(prefix), [quote])
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continue
|
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}
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if (ch === "“" || ch === "”" || ch === "‘" || ch === "’") {
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const double = ch === "“" || ch === "”"
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fix(i)
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// 收尾可能打成中文也可能打成英文，两种都认
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i = skipString(i + 1, false, false, double ? ["”", "“", '"'] : ["’", "‘", "'"])
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continue
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}
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fix(i)
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i++
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}
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return fixes
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}
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@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
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import { StateEffect, StateField, type EditorState } from "@codemirror/state"
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import { Decoration, EditorView, ViewPlugin, type DecorationSet } from "@codemirror/view"
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import type { PunctuationFix } from "./chinesePunctuation"
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/**
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* 在题目页的编辑器里标出编译错误的位置：整行淡红底，`^` 标的那一段加红波浪线。
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*
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* 中职学生读不懂英文报错，「看这里」比任何文字都直接。标记跟着编辑映射位置
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* （在上面插一行，标记跟着往下走），下一次提交时清掉。
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*/
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interface Mark {
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line: number
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/** 行内列号，[from, to)；没有就只标整行 */
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from?: number
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to?: number
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}
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const setMark = StateEffect.define<Mark | null>()
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const lineDeco = Decoration.line({ class: "cm-error-line" })
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const rangeDeco = Decoration.mark({ class: "cm-error-range" })
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function build(state: EditorState, mark: Mark): DecorationSet {
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if (mark.line < 1 || mark.line > state.doc.lines) return Decoration.none
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const line = state.doc.line(mark.line)
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const ranges = [lineDeco.range(line.from)]
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if (mark.from !== undefined && mark.to !== undefined) {
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const from = line.from + Math.min(mark.from, line.length)
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const to = line.from + Math.min(mark.to, line.length)
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if (to > from) ranges.push(rangeDeco.range(from, to))
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}
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return Decoration.set(ranges)
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}
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|
||||
const markField = StateField.define<DecorationSet>({
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create: () => Decoration.none,
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update(deco, tr) {
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deco = deco.map(tr.changes)
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for (const effect of tr.effects) {
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if (effect.is(setMark)) deco = effect.value ? build(tr.state, effect.value) : Decoration.none
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}
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return deco
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},
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provide: (field) => EditorView.decorations.from(field),
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})
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|
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/**
|
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* 题目页当前那个编辑器。结果面板和编辑器是兄弟组件，隔着好几层，
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* 与其一路透传 ref，不如让编辑器挂载时自己登记。只挂在题目页主编辑器上
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* （ProblemEditor 的扩展数组），自测、流程图那些编辑器不登记。
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*/
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let current: EditorView | null = null
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const tracker = ViewPlugin.define((view) => {
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current = view
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return {
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destroy() {
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if (current === view) current = null
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},
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}
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})
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const theme = EditorView.baseTheme({
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".cm-error-line": { backgroundColor: "rgba(208, 48, 80, 0.12)" },
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".cm-error-range": {
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textDecoration: "underline wavy #d03050",
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||||
textUnderlineOffset: "3px",
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backgroundColor: "rgba(208, 48, 80, 0.18)",
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||||
},
|
||||
})
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|
||||
export const errorMarkExtensions = [markField, tracker, theme]
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|
||||
/**
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* 标出第 `line` 行并滚过去。`sourceLine` 是报错里打出来的那一行（去了行首空格），
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* 编辑器里这一行对得上才标列范围 —— 学生看结果之前可能已经改过代码了，
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* 对不上时列号没有意义，只标整行。
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*/
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export function showErrorMark(
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line: number,
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sourceLine: string | null,
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caret: { from: number; to: number } | null,
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) {
|
||||
const view = current
|
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if (!view || line < 1 || line > view.state.doc.lines) return
|
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const text = view.state.doc.line(line).text
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const mark: Mark = { line }
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if (caret && sourceLine !== null) {
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const stripped = text.replace(/^ +/, "")
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if (stripped.trimEnd() === sourceLine.trimEnd()) {
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const indent = text.length - stripped.length
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mark.from = indent + caret.from
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mark.to = indent + caret.to
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||||
}
|
||||
}
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const pos = view.state.doc.line(line).from
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view.dispatch({
|
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effects: [setMark.of(mark), EditorView.scrollIntoView(pos, { y: "center" })],
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})
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}
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export function clearErrorMark() {
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current?.dispatch({ effects: setMark.of(null) })
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}
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/** 当前编辑器里的代码；编辑器没挂载时为 null */
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export function currentCode() {
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||||
return current?.state.doc.toString() ?? null
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}
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/**
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* 在编辑器里批量替换。走编辑器事务而不是直接改 store 里的字符串：
|
||||
* 这样一次 Ctrl+Z 就能撤回，协作中的对方也能同步到。
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*
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* 不打 userEvent：editTrace 按 `isUserEvent("input")` 数「自己敲的字」，
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* 打成 `input.*` 就会把这次替换算成学生手打的。
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*/
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export function applyFixes(fixes: PunctuationFix[]) {
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if (!current || !fixes.length) return false
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current.dispatch({ changes: fixes, effects: setMark.of(null) })
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return true
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}
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@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
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/**
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* 把 Python 的编译错误（`statistic_info.err_info`）翻成中文。
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*
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* 学生是中职生，英文报错等于没有报错。好在句式非常集中：2025 秋以来 2700 条
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* Python 编译错误里，前 12 种句子占 91%、前 16 种占 97%，所以这里是一张规则表，
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* 不是通用翻译。第二名「invalid character」（22%）几乎全是中文标点，另有一键修复，
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* 见 chinesePunctuation.ts。
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*
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||||
* 判题机给的原文有两种形状：
|
||||
*
|
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* File "/judger/run/<随机目录>/solution.py", line 7
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* print("{:.0f}"."{:.2f}".format(x))
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* ^^^^^^^^
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* SyntaxError: invalid syntax
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||||
*
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* Sorry: IndentationError: unexpected indent (solution.py, line 3)
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||||
*
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||||
* 第一种的代码行是 Python 去掉**行首空格**之后再垫 4 个空格打出来的，`^` 的列号
|
||||
* 按去掉之后的算（traceback 的 `_format_syntax_error`，3.10 起如此）。
|
||||
*/
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||||
|
||||
export interface PythonErrorExplanation {
|
||||
/** 出错的行，1 起 */
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||||
line: number | null
|
||||
/** 判题机打出来的那一行代码（去掉了行首空格），用来和编辑器里的对位 */
|
||||
sourceLine: string | null
|
||||
/** `^` 在 sourceLine 里标的范围，[from, to) */
|
||||
caret: { from: number; to: number } | null
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||||
/** 给学生看的中文说明，不含行号 */
|
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message: string
|
||||
/** 报错点名的那个中文标点；有它才出「一键换成英文」 */
|
||||
punctuation: string | null
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||||
}
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||||
|
||||
const WHERE_RE = /^File "[^"]*", line (\d+)/m
|
||||
const SHORT_RE = /^Sorry: (\w+Error): (.*) \([^,()]*, line (\d+)\)\s*$/m
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* 中文空格（U+3000）。写成常量而不是字面量：Oxfmt 会把字符串里的 `\u3000` 转义
|
||||
* 还原成原字符，那样源码里就是一个看不见的空白。
|
||||
*/
|
||||
const IDEOGRAPHIC_SPACE = String.fromCharCode(0x3000)
|
||||
|
||||
/** 中文标点 → 英文。「。」不在表里：它多半是句末多打的，换成「.」照样错，只能删 */
|
||||
export const PUNCTUATION_MAP: Record<string, string> = {
|
||||
"（": "(",
|
||||
"）": ")",
|
||||
"，": ",",
|
||||
"：": ":",
|
||||
"；": ";",
|
||||
"【": "[",
|
||||
"】": "]",
|
||||
"｛": "{",
|
||||
"｝": "}",
|
||||
"！": "!",
|
||||
"？": "?",
|
||||
"＝": "=",
|
||||
"＋": "+",
|
||||
"－": "-",
|
||||
"＊": "*",
|
||||
"／": "/",
|
||||
"＜": "<",
|
||||
"＞": ">",
|
||||
"“": '"',
|
||||
"”": '"',
|
||||
"‘": "'",
|
||||
"’": "'",
|
||||
"＂": '"',
|
||||
"×": "*",
|
||||
"÷": "/",
|
||||
[IDEOGRAPHIC_SPACE]: " ",
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* 标点的名字。说明里**只说名字、不拿字形对比**：「：」和「:」、「，」和「,」在正文字体里
|
||||
* 几乎一样，「把「：」换成「:」」这句话学生看不出区别。「冒号是中文的，要换成英文的」
|
||||
* 看得懂，要换哪一个由卡片里那行代码的标红来指。
|
||||
*/
|
||||
const PUNCTUATION_NAMES: Record<string, string> = {
|
||||
"（": "左括号",
|
||||
"）": "右括号",
|
||||
"，": "逗号",
|
||||
"：": "冒号",
|
||||
"；": "分号",
|
||||
"【": "左方括号",
|
||||
"】": "右方括号",
|
||||
"｛": "左花括号",
|
||||
"｝": "右花括号",
|
||||
"！": "感叹号",
|
||||
"？": "问号",
|
||||
"＝": "等号",
|
||||
"＋": "加号",
|
||||
"－": "减号",
|
||||
"＊": "星号",
|
||||
"／": "斜杠",
|
||||
"＜": "小于号",
|
||||
"＞": "大于号",
|
||||
"“": "引号",
|
||||
"”": "引号",
|
||||
"‘": "单引号",
|
||||
"’": "单引号",
|
||||
"＂": "引号",
|
||||
[IDEOGRAPHIC_SPACE]: "空格",
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
type Rule = [RegExp, (match: RegExpMatchArray) => string]
|
||||
|
||||
const RULES: Rule[] = [
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^invalid character '(.)'/,
|
||||
([, char]) => {
|
||||
// 数学符号不是「中文的」，是写法不对：代码里乘除用 * 和 /
|
||||
if (char === "×") return "这里用了乘号「×」，代码里的乘法要写成星号「*」。"
|
||||
if (char === "÷") return "这里用了除号「÷」，代码里的除法要写成斜杠「/」。"
|
||||
const name = PUNCTUATION_NAMES[char!]
|
||||
if (name) {
|
||||
return `这里的${name}是中文输入法打出来的，要换成英文的${name}。写代码的时候先切换到英文输入法。`
|
||||
}
|
||||
if (char === "。") return "这里多了一个中文句号「。」，代码里不用句号，删掉它。"
|
||||
return `这里有一个不能出现在代码里的字符「${char}」，多半是中文输入法打出来的，删掉后用英文输入法重新打。`
|
||||
},
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^invalid non-printable character/,
|
||||
() => "这里有一个看不见的特殊字符，多半是从别处复制过来的。把这一行删掉，自己重新打一遍。",
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^expected ':'/,
|
||||
() => "这一行末尾少了英文冒号「:」。if、elif、else、for、while、def 这些行的最后都要有冒号。",
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^expected an indented block after '(\w+)' statement on line (\d+)/,
|
||||
([, keyword, owner]) =>
|
||||
`这一行要往里缩进（按一下 Tab 键）：它是第 ${owner} 行那个 ${keyword} 要管的代码。`,
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^expected an indented block/,
|
||||
() => "这一行要往里缩进（按一下 Tab 键）：上一行以冒号结尾，它下面的代码都要缩进。",
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^unexpected indent/,
|
||||
() => "这一行前面多了空格。只有 if、for 这类以冒号结尾的行，它下面的代码才要往里缩进。",
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^unindent does not match any outer indentation level/,
|
||||
() =>
|
||||
"这一行前面的空格数和上面对不齐。同一层的代码，前面的空格要一样多，建议统一用 Tab 键缩进。",
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^inconsistent use of tabs and spaces/,
|
||||
() => "这一行的缩进混用了 Tab 键和空格键，统一只用 Tab 键缩进。",
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^invalid syntax\. Perhaps you forgot a comma\?/,
|
||||
() => "这里好像少了逗号。括号里的几样东西之间，要用英文逗号「,」隔开。",
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/Maybe you meant '==' instead of '='|Maybe you meant '==' or ':=' instead of '='|perhaps you meant "=="/,
|
||||
() =>
|
||||
"判断「是不是相等」要用两个等号「==」。一个等号「=」的意思是「把右边的值存进左边的变量」。",
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^cannot assign to /,
|
||||
() =>
|
||||
"等号「=」的左边只能是一个变量名，意思是「把右边算出来的值存进这个变量」。比如要写成 c = a + b，不能写成 a + b = c。",
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^unterminated (triple-quoted )?(f-)?string literal/,
|
||||
() => "这一行的引号没有配对。字符串要用一对英文引号括起来，开头一个、结尾一个。",
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^'(.)' was never closed/,
|
||||
([, open]) => `这里的「${open}」没有配对的另一半。数一数左右括号是不是一样多。`,
|
||||
],
|
||||
[/^unmatched '(.)'/, ([, close]) => `这里多了一个「${close}」，前面没有和它配对的括号。`],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^closing parenthesis '(.)' does not match opening parenthesis '(.)'/,
|
||||
([, close, open]) => `括号配错了：「${open}」要用和它配对的括号来关，不能用「${close}」。`,
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^Missing parentheses in call to '(\w+)'/,
|
||||
([, name]) => `${name} 后面要加括号，写成 ${name}(...)。`,
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^invalid decimal literal/,
|
||||
() => "数字后面紧跟着字母了。比如「2a」要写成「2*a」；变量名也不能用数字开头。",
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^unexpected character after line continuation character/,
|
||||
() => "这里的反斜杠「\\」用错了。除法要用「/」，「\\」只能出现在引号里面。",
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^'(break|continue)' (not properly in|outside) loop/,
|
||||
([, keyword]) => `${keyword} 只能写在 for 或 while 循环里面（要缩进在循环的下面）。`,
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^'return' outside function/,
|
||||
() => "return 只能写在 def 定义的函数里面（要缩进在 def 的下面）。",
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^f-string: (expecting '}'|single '}' is not allowed)/,
|
||||
() => "f 字符串里的花括号「{ }」没有配对，每个「{」都要有一个「}」。",
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^f-string: valid expression required/,
|
||||
() => "f 字符串的花括号「{ }」里要写变量名或算式，不能空着。",
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^leading zeros in decimal integer literals/,
|
||||
() => "整数不能用 0 开头，比如「07」要写成「7」。",
|
||||
],
|
||||
[
|
||||
/^invalid syntax/,
|
||||
() =>
|
||||
"标出来的地方写法不对。对照教程检查这一行：括号、引号、冒号、运算符有没有写错、漏写或多写。",
|
||||
],
|
||||
]
|
||||
|
||||
function translate(message: string) {
|
||||
for (const [pattern, render] of RULES) {
|
||||
const match = message.match(pattern)
|
||||
if (match) return render(match)
|
||||
}
|
||||
return null
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/** 翻不出来（判题机自己的报错、没见过的句式）就返回 null，界面照旧显示原文 */
|
||||
export function explainPythonCompileError(errInfo: string): PythonErrorExplanation | null {
|
||||
const text = errInfo.trim()
|
||||
|
||||
const short = text.match(SHORT_RE)
|
||||
if (short) {
|
||||
const [, , detail, line] = short
|
||||
const message = translate(detail!)
|
||||
if (!message) return null
|
||||
return {
|
||||
line: Number(line),
|
||||
sourceLine: null,
|
||||
caret: null,
|
||||
message,
|
||||
punctuation: null,
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
const where = text.match(WHERE_RE)
|
||||
const lines = text.split("\n")
|
||||
const last = lines[lines.length - 1]!
|
||||
const detail = last.replace(/^\w+Error: /, "")
|
||||
if (detail === last) return null
|
||||
const message = translate(detail)
|
||||
if (!message) return null
|
||||
|
||||
let sourceLine: string | null = null
|
||||
let caret: PythonErrorExplanation["caret"] = null
|
||||
if (where) {
|
||||
const index = lines.findIndex((line) => WHERE_RE.test(line))
|
||||
const code = lines[index + 1]
|
||||
const marks = lines[index + 2]
|
||||
if (code?.startsWith(" ")) sourceLine = code.slice(4)
|
||||
if (sourceLine !== null && marks?.startsWith(" ")) {
|
||||
const from = marks.indexOf("^")
|
||||
if (from >= 4) caret = { from: from - 4, to: marks.lastIndexOf("^") - 4 + 1 }
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
const char = detail.match(/^invalid character '(.)'/)?.[1]
|
||||
return {
|
||||
line: where ? Number(where[1]) : null,
|
||||
sourceLine,
|
||||
caret,
|
||||
message,
|
||||
punctuation: char && PUNCTUATION_MAP[char] ? char : null,
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
|
||||
export interface PythonSyntaxError {
|
||||
line: number
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
let skulptPromise: Promise<any> | null = null
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* 按需加载 Skulpt（约 233KB gzip），只在提交 Python 代码时才下载。
|
||||
* 结果缓存，同一页面只加载一次。
|
||||
*/
|
||||
function loadSkulpt(): Promise<any> {
|
||||
if (!skulptPromise) {
|
||||
// @ts-ignore - skulpt has no type definitions
|
||||
skulptPromise = import("skulpt").then((m) => m.default ?? m)
|
||||
}
|
||||
return skulptPromise
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* 提前把 Skulpt 拉下来，避免点提交时才开始下载。
|
||||
* 失败不影响功能，提交时会再试一次。
|
||||
*/
|
||||
export function prefetchPythonSyntaxChecker() {
|
||||
loadSkulpt().catch(() => {
|
||||
skulptPromise = null
|
||||
})
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* 用 Skulpt 检测 Python 代码中的语法错误。
|
||||
* 只编译不执行，不受 input() 等 IO 调用影响。
|
||||
* 加载失败时返回 null（放行提交），交给后端判题兜底。
|
||||
*/
|
||||
export async function checkPythonSyntax(code: string): Promise<PythonSyntaxError | null> {
|
||||
let Sk: any
|
||||
try {
|
||||
Sk = await loadSkulpt()
|
||||
} catch {
|
||||
skulptPromise = null
|
||||
return null
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
Sk.configure({ output: () => {} })
|
||||
try {
|
||||
Sk.compile(code, "prog.py", "exec")
|
||||
return null
|
||||
} catch (e) {
|
||||
// Skulpt 的语法错误对象，不是 Error 的子类
|
||||
const traceback = (e as { traceback?: { lineno?: number }[] }).traceback
|
||||
const line = traceback?.[0]?.lineno ?? 1
|
||||
return { line }
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
Reference in new issue
Block a user