// 登录:访问令牌 + 刷新令牌。 // - 访问令牌:JWT(HS256),15 分钟有效,放在请求头 Authorization: Bearer 里; // WebSocket 不能带请求头,连接时放在网址参数 token 里。 // - 刷新令牌:随机字符串,30 天有效,用来换新的访问令牌;数据库只存哈希。每次刷新都换一个新的(旧的立即作废), // 一直在用的学生不用重新登录。退出登录删除这个刷新令牌。 // - 重置密码、删除学生:用户的 token_version 加一(已签发的访问令牌立即失效),并删除他的所有刷新令牌。 // 签名密钥第一次用到时随机生成,存在数据库里,服务器重启后令牌仍然有效。 // 老师账号只有一个,账号密码来自配置;学生账号由老师导入名单创建。 import type { Database } from 'bun:sqlite' import { sign, verify } from 'hono/jwt' import { config } from './config' const ACCESS_SECONDS = 15 * 60 const REFRESH_DAYS = 30 // 防暴力猜密码:同一个账号输错太多次只锁这个账号(学生密码是 6 位数字,不能让人一直猜); // 全班通常共用学校的一个出口 IP,按 IP 的上限要大,否则几个同学输错就把全班挡在外面 const MAX_FAILURES_PER_ACCOUNT = 10 const MAX_FAILURES_PER_IP = 300 const FAILURE_WINDOW_MS = 10 * 60_000 export interface User { id: number username: string name: string role: 'student' | 'teacher' classId: number | null className: string | null } export interface Tokens { accessToken: string refreshToken: string } let warnedDefaultPassword = false /** 服务器启动时按配置创建或更新老师账号 */ export function ensureTeacher(db: Database) { let password = config.teacherPassword if (!password) { password = 'admin' if (!warnedDefaultPassword) console.warn(`没有设置 TEACHER_PASSWORD,老师账号为 ${config.teacherUsername} / admin(只适合本机开发)`) warnedDefaultPassword = true } db.query( `INSERT INTO users (username, name, password, role, created_at) VALUES (?, '老师', ?, 'teacher', ?) ON CONFLICT (username) DO UPDATE SET password = excluded.password, role = 'teacher', class_id = NULL`, ).run(config.teacherUsername, password, Date.now()) } /** JWT 签名密钥:存在 settings 表里,第一次用到时生成 */ function secret(db: Database): string { db.query(`INSERT OR IGNORE INTO settings (key, value) VALUES ('jwt_secret', ?)`).run(randomString()) return db.query<{ value: string }, []>(`SELECT value FROM settings WHERE key = 'jwt_secret'`).get()!.value } const randomString = () => Buffer.from(crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(32))).toString('base64url') const hash = (token: string) => new Bun.CryptoHasher('sha256').update(token).digest('hex') /** 一段时间内的失败次数,键是 "ip:地址" 或 "user:账号" */ const failures = new Map() function failureCount(key: string) { const entry = failures.get(key) if (entry && Date.now() - entry.since > FAILURE_WINDOW_MS) failures.delete(key) return failures.get(key)?.count ?? 0 } function addFailure(key: string) { failureCount(key) // 先清掉过期的 const entry = failures.get(key) ?? { count: 0, since: Date.now() } entry.count++ failures.set(key, entry) } /** 输错太多次时返回提示,否则返回 null */ export function tooManyFailures(ip: string, username: string): string | null { if (failureCount(`user:${username.trim()}`) >= MAX_FAILURES_PER_ACCOUNT) return '这个账号的密码输错太多次,请 10 分钟后再试,或请老师查看密码' if (failureCount(`ip:${ip}`) >= MAX_FAILURES_PER_IP) return '输错次数太多,请 10 分钟后再试' return null } async function issueTokens(db: Database, userId: number, tokenVersion: number): Promise { const now = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) const accessToken = await sign({ sub: String(userId), ver: tokenVersion, iat: now, exp: now + ACCESS_SECONDS }, secret(db), 'HS256') const refreshToken = randomString() db.query('INSERT INTO refresh_tokens (token_hash, user_id, expires_at) VALUES (?, ?, ?)').run( hash(refreshToken), userId, Date.now() + REFRESH_DAYS * 86_400_000, ) return { accessToken, refreshToken } } /** 账号密码正确时签发令牌;不正确返回 null */ export async function login(db: Database, username: string, password: string, ip: string): Promise { const row = db .query<{ id: number; password: string; token_version: number }, [string]>('SELECT id, password, token_version FROM users WHERE username = ?') .get(username.trim()) if (!row || row.password !== password) { addFailure(`ip:${ip}`) addFailure(`user:${username.trim()}`) return null } // 只清这个账号的;按 IP 的不清,否则用自己的账号登录一次就能接着猜别人的密码 failures.delete(`user:${username.trim()}`) return issueTokens(db, row.id, row.token_version) } /** 用刷新令牌换一对新令牌,旧的刷新令牌作废;无效或过期返回 null */ export async function refresh(db: Database, refreshToken: string): Promise { const row = db .query<{ user_id: number; expires_at: number; token_version: number }, [string]>( `SELECT r.user_id, r.expires_at, u.token_version FROM refresh_tokens r JOIN users u ON u.id = r.user_id WHERE r.token_hash = ?`, ) .get(hash(refreshToken)) db.query('DELETE FROM refresh_tokens WHERE token_hash = ?').run(hash(refreshToken)) if (!row || row.expires_at < Date.now()) return null // 顺便清掉这个用户已过期的刷新令牌 db.query('DELETE FROM refresh_tokens WHERE user_id = ? AND expires_at < ?').run(row.user_id, Date.now()) return issueTokens(db, row.user_id, row.token_version) } /** 退出登录:作废这个刷新令牌(访问令牌 15 分钟后自然过期) */ export function logout(db: Database, refreshToken: string) { db.query('DELETE FROM refresh_tokens WHERE token_hash = ?').run(hash(refreshToken)) } /** 让某个用户在所有设备上的登录立即失效(重置密码、删除学生时) */ export function revokeTokens(db: Database, userId: number) { db.query('UPDATE users SET token_version = token_version + 1 WHERE id = ?').run(userId) db.query('DELETE FROM refresh_tokens WHERE user_id = ?').run(userId) } /** 从 Authorization 请求头取出访问令牌 */ export function bearerToken(header: string | null | undefined) { return /^Bearer\s+(\S+)$/i.exec(header ?? '')?.[1] } /** 访问令牌对应的用户;令牌无效、过期或已被撤回时返回 null */ export async function tokenUser(db: Database, accessToken: string | null | undefined): Promise { if (!accessToken) return null let payload: { sub?: unknown; ver?: unknown } try { payload = (await verify(accessToken, secret(db), 'HS256')) as unknown as { sub?: unknown; ver?: unknown } } catch { return null } const row = db .query< { id: number; username: string; name: string; role: User['role']; class_id: number | null; class_name: string | null; token_version: number }, [number] >( `SELECT u.id, u.username, u.name, u.role, u.class_id, c.name AS class_name, u.token_version FROM users u LEFT JOIN classes c ON c.id = u.class_id WHERE u.id = ?`, ) .get(Number(payload.sub)) if (!row || row.token_version !== payload.ver) return null return { id: row.id, username: row.username, name: row.name, role: row.role, classId: row.class_id, className: row.class_name } }