第 0 阶段：教材项目 2 任务 1 在网页中原样运行
- runtime：仿真 WinForms 子集（Form、Button、Label、TextBox、ComboBox、 GroupBox、Timer、MessageBox、界面线程消息循环、跨线程检查）、 教材设备类库（DeviceCtrlHelper、LED 控件）、运行器（常驻编译服务 + 运行模式） - server：Bun + Hono，WebSocket 会话，每次运行一个进程，消息转发 - web：Vue + Naive UI，WinForms 风格窗体渲染、MessageBox、实训台 LED 屏 - 端到端测试与 100 个程序并发的压力测试 - 教材逐任务摘要（docs/教材摘要） Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
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using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis;
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namespace Sim.Runner;
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/// <summary>
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/// 针对教材上常见写法错误的中文提示（书上代码有 True/False 大写、Catch(EventArgs ex) 等印刷错误，学生照抄后会遇到）。
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/// 只在编译器的原始报错之外补充一句说明，不改变报错本身。
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/// </summary>
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internal static class CompileHints
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{
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public static string? For(Diagnostic diagnostic)
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{
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var source = diagnostic.Location.SourceTree?.GetText().ToString(diagnostic.Location.SourceSpan) ?? "";
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return (diagnostic.Id, source) switch
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{
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("CS0103", "True" or "False") => $"C# 的布尔值是小写的 {source.ToLowerInvariant()}。",
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("CS0103", "Catch") or ("CS0246", "Catch") => "catch 要小写，括号里写异常类型，例如 catch (Exception ex)。",
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("CS0246", var name) when name.StartsWith("bool") || name.StartsWith("private") || name.StartsWith("public") || name.StartsWith("string") || name.StartsWith("int") =>
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$"“{name}”像是类型和名字之间少了一个空格。",
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("CS0103", _) => $"找不到“{source}”。检查拼写和大小写（C# 区分大小写），以及控件的 Name 是否和代码里一致。",
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("CS1002", _) => "C# 每条语句末尾要有英文分号 ;",
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("CS1056", _) or ("CS1525", _) when source.Length == 1 && source[0] > 127 => "这里出现了中文标点，C# 代码里的符号要用英文半角。",
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("CS0029", _) => "等号两边的类型不一致。如果要把文本框里的文字变成数字，可以用 int.Parse(...) 或 Convert.ToInt32(...)。",
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_ => null,
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};
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}
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}
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@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
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using System;
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using System.Diagnostics;
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using System.IO;
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using System.Text;
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using System.Text.Encodings.Web;
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using System.Text.Json;
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using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
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namespace Sim.Runner;
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/// <summary>
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/// 常驻编译服务：从标准输入读取 {"id":…,"dir":…}，编译该目录下的学生工程，
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/// 成功时把 StudentApp.dll / StudentApp.pdb 写到同一目录，回复 {"id":…,"type":"compiled",…}。
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/// 编译器常驻，第一次之后的编译不再有加载和预热开销。
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/// </summary>
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internal static class CompileServer
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{
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public const string AssemblyFile = "StudentApp.dll";
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public const string PdbFile = "StudentApp.pdb";
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private static readonly JsonSerializerOptions JsonOptions = new() { Encoder = JavaScriptEncoder.UnsafeRelaxedJsonEscaping };
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public static int Run()
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{
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using var input = new StreamReader(Console.OpenStandardInput(), new UTF8Encoding(false));
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using var output = new StreamWriter(Console.OpenStandardOutput(), new UTF8Encoding(false)) { AutoFlush = true };
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WarmUp();
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output.WriteLine(new JsonObject { ["type"] = "ready" }.ToJsonString(JsonOptions));
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while (input.ReadLine() is { } line)
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{
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JsonObject reply;
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JsonNode? id = null;
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try
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{
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var request = JsonNode.Parse(line)!.AsObject();
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id = request["id"]?.DeepClone();
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reply = Compile((string?)request["dir"] ?? throw new ArgumentException("缺少 dir"));
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}
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catch (Exception ex)
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{
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reply = new JsonObject { ["type"] = "compileFailed", ["message"] = ex.Message };
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}
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reply["id"] = id;
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output.WriteLine(reply.ToJsonString(JsonOptions));
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}
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return 0;
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}
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private static JsonObject Compile(string dir)
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{
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var watch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
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var result = StudentCompiler.Compile(dir);
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if (result.Success)
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{
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File.WriteAllBytes(Path.Combine(dir, AssemblyFile), result.Assembly);
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File.WriteAllBytes(Path.Combine(dir, PdbFile), result.Pdb);
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}
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return new JsonObject
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{
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["type"] = "compiled",
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["ok"] = result.Success,
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["diagnostics"] = result.Diagnostics,
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["ms"] = watch.ElapsedMilliseconds,
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};
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}
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/// <summary>启动时编译一个小程序，让 Roslyn 完成加载和 JIT，学生第一次点"运行"时就不用等</summary>
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private static void WarmUp()
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{
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var dir = Directory.CreateTempSubdirectory("sim-warmup-");
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try
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{
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File.WriteAllText(Path.Combine(dir.FullName, "Program.cs"),
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"using System.Windows.Forms; static class P { static void Main() { var f = new Form(); f.Text = \"预热\"; } }");
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StudentCompiler.Compile(dir.FullName);
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}
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finally
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{
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dir.Delete(recursive: true);
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}
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}
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}
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@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
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using System.IO;
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using System.Text;
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using Sim.Host;
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namespace Sim.Runner;
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/// <summary>把学生程序的 Console 输出按行转发给浏览器（标准输出本身留给协议消息使用）</summary>
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internal sealed class ConsoleForwarder : TextWriter
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{
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private readonly StringBuilder _buffer = new();
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public override Encoding Encoding => Encoding.UTF8;
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public override void Write(char value)
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{
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lock (_buffer)
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{
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_buffer.Append(value);
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if (value == '\n') FlushBuffer();
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}
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}
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public override void Write(string? value)
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{
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if (value == null) return;
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lock (_buffer)
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{
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_buffer.Append(value);
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if (value.Contains('\n')) FlushBuffer();
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}
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}
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public override void Flush()
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{
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lock (_buffer) FlushBuffer();
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}
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private void FlushBuffer()
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{
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if (_buffer.Length == 0) return;
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SimHost.SendConsole(_buffer.ToString());
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_buffer.Clear();
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}
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}
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@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
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using System;
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using System.IO;
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using Sim.Runner;
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// 两种模式，都通过标准输入输出与 Bun 服务器交换 JSON 消息（每行一条）：
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// dotnet Sim.Runner.dll compile-server 常驻编译服务，全服务器共用一个，编译学生工程并把程序集写回工程目录
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// dotnet Sim.Runner.dll run <工程目录> 运行已编译的学生程序，每次运行一个进程
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// 运行模式不加载 Roslyn，单个学生程序的内存占用因此小得多。
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return args switch
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{
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["compile-server"] => CompileServer.Run(),
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["run", var dir] when Directory.Exists(dir) => StudentProgramHost.Run(dir),
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_ => Usage(),
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};
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static int Usage()
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{
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Console.Error.WriteLine("用法：Sim.Runner compile-server | Sim.Runner run <工程目录>");
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return 2;
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}
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@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
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<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
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<!-- 运行器：编译学生工程，在模拟的界面线程上运行，通过标准输入输出与 Bun 服务器交换 JSON 消息。
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用法：dotnet Sim.Runner.dll <工程目录> -->
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<PropertyGroup>
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<OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
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<AssemblyName>Sim.Runner</AssemblyName>
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<RootNamespace>Sim.Runner</RootNamespace>
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<!-- 只保留简体中文的编译器提示资源 -->
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<SatelliteResourceLanguages>zh-Hans</SatelliteResourceLanguages>
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<TieredPGO>true</TieredPGO>
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</PropertyGroup>
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<ItemGroup>
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<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp" Version="4.14.0" />
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</ItemGroup>
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<ItemGroup>
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<ProjectReference Include="../Sim.WinForms/Sim.WinForms.csproj" />
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<ProjectReference Include="../Sim.Devices/Sim.Devices.csproj" />
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</ItemGroup>
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</Project>
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using System;
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using System.Collections.Generic;
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using System.Globalization;
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using System.IO;
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using System.Linq;
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using System.Reflection;
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using System.Text;
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using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
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using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis;
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using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp;
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using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Emit;
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using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Text;
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namespace Sim.Runner;
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/// <summary>用 Roslyn 在内存里编译学生工程，报错信息用简体中文</summary>
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internal static class StudentCompiler
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{
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private static readonly CultureInfo Chinese = CultureInfo.GetCultureInfo("zh-Hans");
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/// <summary>
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/// 框架里不能给学生代码引用的程序集：System.Drawing.dll 门面把 Font、Image 等转发到 Linux 不支持的
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/// System.Drawing.Common，会和仿真库里的同名类型冲突。
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/// </summary>
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private static readonly HashSet<string> ExcludedFrameworkAssemblies = new(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
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{
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"System.Drawing.dll",
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};
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private static readonly string[] SimAssemblies = { "Sim.WinForms.dll", "Sim.Devices.dll" };
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public sealed record Result(bool Success, byte[] Assembly, byte[] Pdb, JsonArray Diagnostics);
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public static Result Compile(string projectDir)
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{
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var parseOptions = new CSharpParseOptions(LanguageVersion.Latest);
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var trees = Directory.EnumerateFiles(projectDir, "*.cs", SearchOption.AllDirectories)
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.Where(path => !IsBuildOutput(projectDir, path))
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.OrderBy(path => path, StringComparer.Ordinal)
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.Select(path => CSharpSyntaxTree.ParseText(
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SourceText.From(File.ReadAllText(path), Encoding.UTF8),
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parseOptions,
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path: Path.GetRelativePath(projectDir, path)))
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.ToList();
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var options = new CSharpCompilationOptions(OutputKind.WindowsApplication)
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.WithOptimizationLevel(OptimizationLevel.Debug)
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.WithNullableContextOptions(NullableContextOptions.Disable)
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.WithAllowUnsafe(false)
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.WithConcurrentBuild(true);
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var compilation = CSharpCompilation.Create("StudentApp", trees, References.Value, options);
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using var peStream = new MemoryStream();
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using var pdbStream = new MemoryStream();
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var emit = compilation.Emit(peStream, pdbStream,
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options: new EmitOptions(debugInformationFormat: DebugInformationFormat.PortablePdb));
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var diagnostics = new JsonArray();
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foreach (var diagnostic in emit.Diagnostics
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.Where(d => d.Severity is DiagnosticSeverity.Error or DiagnosticSeverity.Warning)
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.OrderBy(d => d.Severity == DiagnosticSeverity.Error ? 0 : 1))
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{
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diagnostics.Add(ToJson(diagnostic));
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}
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return new Result(emit.Success, peStream.ToArray(), pdbStream.ToArray(), diagnostics);
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}
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private static JsonObject ToJson(Diagnostic diagnostic)
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{
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var span = diagnostic.Location.GetMappedLineSpan();
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var message = diagnostic.GetMessage(Chinese);
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var json = new JsonObject
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{
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["file"] = span.Path,
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["line"] = span.StartLinePosition.Line + 1,
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["column"] = span.StartLinePosition.Character + 1,
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["severity"] = diagnostic.Severity == DiagnosticSeverity.Error ? "error" : "warning",
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["code"] = diagnostic.Id,
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["message"] = message,
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};
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var hint = CompileHints.For(diagnostic);
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if (hint != null) json["hint"] = hint;
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return json;
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}
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private static bool IsBuildOutput(string projectDir, string path)
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{
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var relative = Path.GetRelativePath(projectDir, path).Replace('\\', '/');
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return relative.StartsWith("bin/") || relative.StartsWith("obj/") || relative.Contains("/bin/") || relative.Contains("/obj/");
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}
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/// <summary>学生代码可引用的程序集：.NET 框架（去掉冲突的门面）+ 仿真库</summary>
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private static readonly Lazy<IReadOnlyList<MetadataReference>> References = new(() =>
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{
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var frameworkDir = Path.GetDirectoryName(typeof(object).Assembly.Location)!;
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var framework = Directory.EnumerateFiles(frameworkDir, "*.dll")
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.Where(path => !ExcludedFrameworkAssemblies.Contains(Path.GetFileName(path)))
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.Where(IsManagedAssembly);
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var sim = SimAssemblies.Select(name => Path.Combine(AppContext.BaseDirectory, name));
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return framework.Concat(sim).Select(path => (MetadataReference)MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(path)).ToList();
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});
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private static bool IsManagedAssembly(string path)
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{
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try
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{
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AssemblyName.GetAssemblyName(path);
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return true;
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}
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catch (BadImageFormatException)
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{
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return false; // 框架目录里的原生库
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}
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}
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}
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@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
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using System;
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using System.Diagnostics;
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using System.Globalization;
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using System.IO;
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using System.Reflection;
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using System.Runtime.Loader;
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using System.Text;
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using System.Text.Json;
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using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
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using System.Threading;
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using System.Windows.Forms;
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using Sim.Host;
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namespace Sim.Runner;
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/// <summary>
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/// 运行一个已编译的学生程序：在模拟的界面线程上执行 Main，主线程从标准输入读取浏览器的操作。
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/// 这个类不能引用 Roslyn 的任何类型，否则运行模式也会加载编译器。
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/// </summary>
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internal static class StudentProgramHost
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{
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public static int Run(string dir)
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{
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var processStart = Process.GetCurrentProcess().StartTime;
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SimHost.Initialize(Console.OpenStandardOutput());
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var console = new ConsoleForwarder();
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Console.SetOut(console);
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Console.SetIn(TextReader.Null); // 标准输入用于协议，学生的 Console.ReadLine 读不到内容
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// 和中文 Windows 一致：DateTime.ToString() 等按 zh-CN 格式输出
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var zhCN = CultureInfo.GetCultureInfo("zh-CN");
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CultureInfo.DefaultThreadCurrentCulture = zhCN;
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CultureInfo.DefaultThreadCurrentUICulture = zhCN;
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CultureInfo.CurrentCulture = zhCN;
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CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture = zhCN;
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var assembly = AssemblyLoadContext.Default.LoadFromStream(
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new MemoryStream(File.ReadAllBytes(Path.Combine(dir, CompileServer.AssemblyFile))),
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new MemoryStream(File.ReadAllBytes(Path.Combine(dir, CompileServer.PdbFile))));
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SimHost.StudentAssembly = assembly;
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var entryPoint = assembly.EntryPoint;
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if (entryPoint == null)
|
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{
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SimHost.Send(new JsonObject { ["type"] = "exception", ["message"] = "程序中找不到 Main 方法", ["detail"] = "" });
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||||
return 1;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
AppDomain.CurrentDomain.UnhandledException += (_, e) =>
|
||||
{
|
||||
// 学生创建的后台线程抛出未处理异常时，和真实程序一样整个程序结束
|
||||
if (e.ExceptionObject is Exception ex) SimHost.ReportException(ex);
|
||||
console.Flush();
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
var uiThread = new Thread(() =>
|
||||
{
|
||||
SimHost.Ui.BindToCurrentThread();
|
||||
SynchronizationContext.SetSynchronizationContext(new WindowsFormsSynchronizationContext());
|
||||
SimHost.Send(new JsonObject { ["type"] = "started", ["ms"] = (long)(DateTime.Now - processStart).TotalMilliseconds });
|
||||
try
|
||||
{
|
||||
var parameters = entryPoint.GetParameters().Length == 0 ? null : new object[] { Array.Empty<string>() };
|
||||
entryPoint.Invoke(null, parameters);
|
||||
}
|
||||
catch (Exception ex)
|
||||
{
|
||||
SimHost.ReportException(ex);
|
||||
}
|
||||
finally
|
||||
{
|
||||
console.Flush();
|
||||
SimHost.FlushChanges();
|
||||
Environment.Exit(0);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}) { Name = "UI" };
|
||||
uiThread.Start();
|
||||
|
||||
ReadActions();
|
||||
// 服务器关闭了标准输入：结束运行
|
||||
Environment.Exit(0);
|
||||
return 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/// <summary>读取浏览器发来的操作，排队到界面线程执行</summary>
|
||||
private static void ReadActions()
|
||||
{
|
||||
using var input = new StreamReader(Console.OpenStandardInput(), new UTF8Encoding(false));
|
||||
while (input.ReadLine() is { } line)
|
||||
{
|
||||
JsonObject? message;
|
||||
try
|
||||
{
|
||||
message = JsonNode.Parse(line) as JsonObject;
|
||||
}
|
||||
catch (JsonException)
|
||||
{
|
||||
continue;
|
||||
}
|
||||
switch ((string?)message?["type"])
|
||||
{
|
||||
case "action":
|
||||
if (SimHost.FindControl((string?)message!["id"] ?? "") is { } control)
|
||||
{
|
||||
var action = UserAction.FromJson(message);
|
||||
SimHost.Ui.Post(() => control.PerformUserAction(action));
|
||||
}
|
||||
break;
|
||||
case "reply":
|
||||
SimHost.CompleteRequest((int?)message!["requestId"] ?? 0, message["result"]?.DeepClone());
|
||||
break;
|
||||
case "stop":
|
||||
Environment.Exit(0);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
Reference in new issue
Block a user