导出 EXE：实验页工具栏"导出 EXE"把学生的程序编译成一个 exe，拷到机房电脑上双击就能控制真的实训台。编译服务照教材工程编译学生写的原始代码（.NET Framework 4.5 引用程序集，构建时只复制教材工程引用的 13 个到 netfx/；真机版设备类库），不做平台的仿真改写和 API 限制，和 VS 里一样。教材 dll（DeviceCtrlLibrary 及 API 下 7 个、WinFormsDeviceControlLibrary、媒体播放器的两个 Interop）作为资源嵌进 exe，模块初始化器注册 AssemblyResolve 从 exe 里加载，Program.cs 不用改；Properties.Resources 的图片、声音嵌进 exe，代码里按文件名用到的素材（项目 7 的 ring.mp3）启动时放到 exe 旁边的 Resources；媒体播放器的 OcxState 用教材 resx 的默认状态；书上的 ledHelper.Close() 在教材类库里没有，补一个空的扩展方法。23 个实验都能导出（约 0.9 MB），mono + Xvfb 里实测能启动、控件和图片正常。接口 POST /api/export-exe，代码有错时 422，实验页弹框列出报错、点击跳到代码。教材 dll 有版权、GitHub 仓库公开，不进仓库：本机放 textbook-libs/，服务器放 ~/IOT_SIM/textbook-libs/ 由 compose 只读挂载（deploy/README.md），没放时提示原因。使用说明、设计方案、README 同步
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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using System;
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using System.Collections.Generic;
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using System.IO;
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using System.Linq;
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using System.Text;
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using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
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using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
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using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis;
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using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp;
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using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.Syntax;
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using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Emit;
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using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Text;
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namespace Sim.Runner;
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/// <summary>
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/// 导出 EXE：把学生工程照教材工程的样子（.NET Framework 4.5 窗体应用，引用真机版设备类库）编译成一个 exe，
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/// 在机房的 Windows 上双击就能运行，控制真的实训台。
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/// <list type="bullet">
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/// <item>编译的是学生写的原始代码：平台为仿真做的改写（虚拟时钟、旧线程 API、Windows 路径）和 API 限制都不用，和在 VS 里编译一样。</item>
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/// <item>教材 dll（设备类库、设备控件库、媒体播放器的 Interop）嵌进 exe，启动时由模块初始化器从 exe 里加载，学生的 Program.cs 不用改。</item>
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/// <item>Properties.Resources 的图片、声音嵌进 exe；代码里按文件名用到的素材（如 Resources\ring.mp3）启动时放到 exe 旁边的 Resources 文件夹，和 VS 输出目录一样。</item>
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/// </list>
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/// </summary>
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internal static class ExeExporter
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{
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public sealed record Result(bool Success, byte[] Exe, JsonArray Diagnostics);
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private const string LibPrefix = "IotSimExport.lib.";
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private const string FilePrefix = "IotSimExport.file.";
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private const string MediaPrefix = "IotSimExport.media.";
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/// <summary>
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/// VS 设计器给媒体播放器存的 OcxState（AxHost.State 的 BinaryFormatter 序列化数据，取自教材项目 7 的 Form1.resx，是控件的默认状态）。
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/// 平台没有 .resx，导出时给每个 resources.GetObject("…OcxState") 都放这一份。
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/// </summary>
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private const string MediaPlayerOcxState =
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"AAEAAAD/////AQAAAAAAAAAMAgAAAFdTeXN0ZW0uV2luZG93cy5Gb3JtcywgVmVyc2lvbj00LjAuMC4w" +
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"LCBDdWx0dXJlPW5ldXRyYWwsIFB1YmxpY0tleVRva2VuPWI3N2E1YzU2MTkzNGUwODkFAQAAACFTeXN0" +
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"ZW0uV2luZG93cy5Gb3Jtcy5BeEhvc3QrU3RhdGUBAAAABERhdGEHAgIAAAAJAwAAAA8DAAAAtwAAAAIB" +
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"AAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAKIAAAAAAwAACAAAAAAABQAAAAAAAADwPwMAAAAAAAUAAAAAAAAAAAAIAAIA" +
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"AAAAAAMAAQAAAAsA//8DAAAAAAALAP//CAACAAAAAAADADIAAAALAAAACAAKAAAAZgB1AGwAbAAAAAsA" +
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"AAALAAAACwD//wsA//8LAAAACAACAAAAAAAIAAIAAAAAAAgAAgAAAAAACAACAAAAAAALAAAANAYAAOcB" +
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"AAAL";
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private const string AxHostStateType =
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"System.Windows.Forms.AxHost+State, System.Windows.Forms, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089";
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/// <summary>平台生成的 Properties/Resources.Designer.cs 从素材库取图片，导出时改成从 exe 里取</summary>
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private const string PlatformResources = "global::Sim.Host.ProjectResources.";
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private const string EmbeddedResources = "global::IotSimExport.EmbeddedFiles.";
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private static readonly Regex ResourceFile = new(@"ProjectResources\.(?:Image|Bytes)\(""([^""]+)""\)");
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private static readonly Regex OcxStateKey = new(@"GetObject\(""([^""]+\.OcxState)""\)");
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private static readonly CSharpCompilationOptions Options = new CSharpCompilationOptions(OutputKind.WindowsApplication)
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.WithPlatform(Platform.AnyCpu32BitPreferred)
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.WithOptimizationLevel(OptimizationLevel.Release)
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.WithNullableContextOptions(NullableContextOptions.Disable)
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.WithAllowUnsafe(false)
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.WithConcurrentBuild(true);
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/// <summary>.NET Framework 4.5 的引用程序集（构建时复制到 netfx/，见 Sim.Runner.csproj）</summary>
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private static readonly Lazy<IReadOnlyList<MetadataReference>> Framework = new(() =>
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Directory.EnumerateFiles(Path.Combine(AppContext.BaseDirectory, "netfx"), "*.dll")
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.Select(path => (MetadataReference)MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(path))
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.ToList());
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/// <summary>libsDir：教材 dll 所在目录；galleryDir：平台素材库</summary>
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public static Result Export(string projectDir, string libsDir, string galleryDir, string assemblyName)
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{
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var libs = Directory.Exists(libsDir) ? Directory.GetFiles(libsDir, "*.dll").OrderBy(p => p, StringComparer.Ordinal).ToArray() : Array.Empty<string>();
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if (!libs.Any(p => Path.GetFileName(p) == "DeviceCtrlLibrary.dll"))
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throw new InvalidOperationException("服务器上没有放教材的设备类库（真机版 DeviceCtrlLibrary.dll 等），不能导出 EXE，请联系老师");
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var sources = StudentCompiler.SourceFiles(projectDir)
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.Select(path => (Path: Path.GetRelativePath(projectDir, path), Text: File.ReadAllText(path)))
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.ToList();
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// 平台生成的资源类改成从 exe 里取，用到的素材文件嵌进去
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var files = new SortedSet<string>(StringComparer.Ordinal);
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for (var i = 0; i < sources.Count; i++)
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{
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if (!sources[i].Text.Contains(PlatformResources)) continue;
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foreach (Match m in ResourceFile.Matches(sources[i].Text)) files.Add(Path.GetFileName(m.Groups[1].Value));
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sources[i] = (sources[i].Path, sources[i].Text.Replace(PlatformResources, EmbeddedResources));
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}
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// 代码里按文件名用到的素材（如 BaseDirectory + "//Resources//ring.mp3"），在 VS 里是复制到输出目录的 Resources 文件夹
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var media = Directory.Exists(galleryDir)
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? Directory.GetFiles(galleryDir)
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.Select(Path.GetFileName)
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.OfType<string>()
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.Where(name => !name.Contains(".2x.") && name != "index.json")
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.Where(name => sources.Any(s => s.Text.Contains(name + "\"")))
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.OrderBy(name => name, StringComparer.Ordinal)
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.ToList()
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: new List<string>();
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var trees = sources
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.Select(s => CSharpSyntaxTree.ParseText(SourceText.From(s.Text, Encoding.UTF8), StudentCompiler.ParseOptions, path: s.Path))
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.Append(CSharpSyntaxTree.ParseText(SourceText.From(Bootstrap(media), Encoding.UTF8), StudentCompiler.ParseOptions, path: "IotSimExport.cs"))
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.ToList();
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var references = Framework.Value.Concat(libs.Select(p => (MetadataReference)MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(p))).ToList();
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var compilation = CSharpCompilation.Create(assemblyName, trees, references, Options);
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var resources = new List<ResourceDescription>();
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foreach (var lib in libs)
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{
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var path = lib;
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resources.Add(new ResourceDescription(LibPrefix + Path.GetFileName(path), () => File.OpenRead(path), isPublic: false));
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}
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foreach (var file in files)
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{
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var path = Path.Combine(galleryDir, file);
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if (File.Exists(path)) resources.Add(new ResourceDescription(FilePrefix + file, () => File.OpenRead(path), isPublic: false));
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}
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foreach (var file in media)
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{
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var path = Path.Combine(galleryDir, file);
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resources.Add(new ResourceDescription(MediaPrefix + file, () => File.OpenRead(path), isPublic: false));
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}
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resources.AddRange(ControlResources(compilation, sources.SelectMany(s => OcxStateKey.Matches(s.Text).Select(m => m.Groups[1].Value)).ToHashSet()));
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using var pe = new MemoryStream();
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using var win32 = compilation.CreateDefaultWin32Resources(versionResource: true, noManifest: false, manifestContents: null, iconInIcoFormat: null);
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var emit = compilation.Emit(pe, win32Resources: win32, manifestResources: resources,
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options: new EmitOptions(debugInformationFormat: DebugInformationFormat.Embedded));
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var diagnostics = new JsonArray();
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// 和平台运行时一样按编译器给出的顺序：语法错误在前，真正的出错原因一般是第一条
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foreach (var diagnostic in emit.Diagnostics.Where(d => d.Severity == DiagnosticSeverity.Error))
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{
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diagnostics.Add(StudentCompiler.ToJson(diagnostic));
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}
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return new Result(emit.Success, pe.ToArray(), diagnostics);
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// 每个窗体、控件类的 .resources：VS 生成的 Designer.cs 用 ComponentResourceManager 读窗体的 .resx，
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/// 平台没有 .resx。媒体播放器的 OcxState 放默认状态，其他取到 null（和运行时一样）。
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/// </summary>
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private static List<ResourceDescription> ControlResources(CSharpCompilation compilation, HashSet<string> ocxKeys)
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{
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var stream = new MemoryStream();
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using (var writer = new System.Resources.ResourceWriter(stream))
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{
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var state = Convert.FromBase64String(MediaPlayerOcxState);
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foreach (var key in ocxKeys.OrderBy(k => k, StringComparer.Ordinal)) writer.AddResourceData(key, AxHostStateType, state);
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writer.Generate();
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}
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var data = stream.ToArray();
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var control = compilation.GetTypeByMetadataName("System.Windows.Forms.Control");
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var resources = new List<ResourceDescription>();
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if (control == null) return resources;
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var names = new HashSet<string>();
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foreach (var tree in compilation.SyntaxTrees)
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{
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var model = compilation.GetSemanticModel(tree);
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foreach (var declaration in tree.GetRoot().DescendantNodes().OfType<ClassDeclarationSyntax>())
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{
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if (model.GetDeclaredSymbol(declaration) is not { } type) continue;
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var derives = false;
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for (var t = type.BaseType; t != null && !derives; t = t.BaseType) derives = SymbolEqualityComparer.Default.Equals(t, control);
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var name = type.ToDisplayString(SymbolDisplayFormat.FullyQualifiedFormat).Replace("global::", "") + ".resources";
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if (derives && names.Add(name)) resources.Add(new ResourceDescription(name, () => new MemoryStream(data), isPublic: true));
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}
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}
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return resources;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// 加进 exe 的启动代码：模块初始化器在 Main 之前运行（.NET Framework 也支持），
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/// 注册 AssemblyResolve，用到教材 dll 时从 exe 里加载；把代码里用到的素材文件放到 exe 旁边。
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/// </summary>
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private static string Bootstrap(IReadOnlyList<string> media) => $$"""
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[assembly: global::System.Runtime.Versioning.TargetFramework(".NETFramework,Version=v4.5", FrameworkDisplayName = ".NET Framework 4.5")]
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namespace System.Runtime.CompilerServices
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{
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[global::System.AttributeUsage(global::System.AttributeTargets.Method, Inherited = false)]
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internal sealed class ModuleInitializerAttribute : global::System.Attribute { }
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// 书上项目 2 任务 3 调用 DeviceCtrlHelper.ledHelper.Close()，教材的类库里没有这个方法（LED 屏每次发送才用串口，不占着），
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/// 平台补上了它；导出时也补一个，书上的代码照样能编译。放在全局命名空间，不用 using 就能找到；类库自己有 Close 时用类库的。
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/// </summary>
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internal static class IotSimExportLedCompat
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{
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internal static void Close(this global::DeviceCtrlLibrary.LEDHelper helper) { }
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}
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namespace IotSimExport
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{
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using System;
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using System.Collections.Generic;
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using System.IO;
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using System.Reflection;
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internal static class Bootstrap
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{
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private static readonly Dictionary<string, Assembly> Loaded = new Dictionary<string, Assembly>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
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[global::System.Runtime.CompilerServices.ModuleInitializer]
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internal static void Init()
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{
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AppDomain.CurrentDomain.AssemblyResolve += Resolve;
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ExtractMedia();
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}
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private static Assembly Resolve(object sender, ResolveEventArgs args)
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{
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var name = new AssemblyName(args.Name).Name;
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lock (Loaded)
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{
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Assembly assembly;
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if (Loaded.TryGetValue(name, out assembly)) return assembly;
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var bytes = EmbeddedFiles.Read("{{LibPrefix}}" + name + ".dll");
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if (bytes == null) return null;
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assembly = Assembly.Load(bytes);
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Loaded[name] = assembly;
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return assembly;
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}
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}
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private static readonly string[] Media = { {{string.Join(", ", media.Select(m => SymbolDisplay.FormatLiteral(m, true)))}} };
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private static void ExtractMedia()
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{
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foreach (var file in Media)
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{
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try
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{
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var dir = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "Resources");
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var path = Path.Combine(dir, file);
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if (File.Exists(path)) continue;
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Directory.CreateDirectory(dir);
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File.WriteAllBytes(path, EmbeddedFiles.Read("{{MediaPrefix}}" + file));
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}
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catch (Exception)
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{
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// 文件夹不能写（如放在只读的 U 盘上）时不影响程序运行，只是用不到这个文件
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}
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}
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}
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}
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internal static class EmbeddedFiles
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{
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internal static byte[] Read(string name)
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{
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using (var stream = typeof(EmbeddedFiles).Assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(name))
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{
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if (stream == null) return null;
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var bytes = new byte[stream.Length];
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var read = 0;
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while (read < bytes.Length) read += stream.Read(bytes, read, bytes.Length - read);
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return bytes;
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}
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}
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internal static global::System.Drawing.Bitmap Image(string file)
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{
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return new global::System.Drawing.Bitmap(new MemoryStream(Bytes(file)));
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}
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internal static byte[] Bytes(string file)
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{
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return Read("{{FilePrefix}}" + Path.GetFileName(file));
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}
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}
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}
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""";
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}
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Reference in new issue
Block a user